@Component vs @Bean vs @Configuration — when do you use each, and what does proxyBeanMethods do?

@Configuration                       // full mode: CGLIB proxy
class AppConfig {
    @Bean DataSource dataSource() { return buildHikari(); }
    @Bean JdbcTemplate jdbc() {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource());   // ✅ SAME singleton — call intercepted
    }
}

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)  // lite mode
class LiteConfig {
    @Bean DataSource dataSource() { return buildHikari(); }
    @Bean JdbcTemplate jdbc() {
        return new JdbcTemplate(dataSource());   // ❌ NEW DataSource! plain method call
    }
    // lite done right: declare the dependency as a parameter
    @Bean JdbcTemplate jdbcOk(DataSource ds) { return new JdbcTemplate(ds); }
}